Scopes

The Protocol categorizes emissions into three scopes:

1. Scope 1: Direct emissions from sources owned or controlled by the organization, such as company vehicles, on-site fuel combustion, and fugitive emissions.
2. Scope 2: Indirect emissions from the generation of purchased electricity, steam, heating, and cooling consumed by the organization.
3. Scope 3: All other indirect emissions that occur in the organization's value chain, including upstream and downstream activities like business travel, employee commuting, waste disposal, and the use of sold products and services.

Standards

1. Corporate Standard: For corporate-level GHG emissions inventory.
2. GHG Protocol for Cities: For urban areas to measure and manage emissions.
3. Mitigation Goal Standard: For countries and cities to set emission reduction targets.
4. Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Standard: For companies to track emissions across their supply chain.
5. Policy and Action Standard: For governments and cities to develop policies and strategies for emission reduction.
6. Product Standard: For companies to understand the full life cycle of their products and allocate efforts towards the greatest GHG reduction opportunities

Importance of the GHG Protocol

1. Identify and prioritize emission reduction opportunities.
2. Benchmark their performance against industry peers and track progress over time.
3. Enhance transparency and accountability in their sustainability efforts.
4. Comply with regulatory requirements and voluntary reporting programs.
5. Contribute to global efforts in addressing climate change by accurately measuring and managing their emissions.

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