Climate Dictionary

BRSR stands for Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report. It is a report that listed companies in India are required to prepare and disclose annually as per the Securities and Exchange Board of India's (SEBI) listing regulations.

A systematic approach to measure, monitor, and report greenhouse gas emissions from various sources, including businesses, organizations, and activities.

Decarbonisation is the process of reducing the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) released into the atmosphere, primarily through the transition to low-carbon energy sources and the reduction of carbon emissions across various sectors. The goal of decarbonisation is to achieve a low-carbon economy and mitigate the impacts of climate change by limiting global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C

ESG stands for environmental, social, and governance. It is a framework used to assess an organization's business practices and performance on various sustainability and responsibility metrics

The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol is a comprehensive and widely accepted standard for measuring and managing greenhouse gas emissions. It was established in 1990 by the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) in response to the growing need for a consistent framework for greenhouse gas reporting. The GHG Protocol provides guidelines for businesses, governments, and other organizations to track, report, and mitigate their emissions, aligning with the Paris Agreement and other climate change initiatives.

The Kyoto Protocol was an international treaty that committed its parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that global warming is occurring and that man-made CO2 emissions are a driving factor.

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a methodology for assessing environmental impacts associated with all stages of a product's life cycle, from raw material extraction through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, use, repair and maintenance, and disposal or recycling

Net-zero emissions is a target where any remaining greenhouse gas emissions are completely neutralized or offset by removing an equivalent amount from the atmosphere. It means that human activities no longer contribute to further warming of the planet.

The Paris Agreement on climate change is an international treaty adopted in 2015 to address the global threat of climate change. The agreement aims to mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable development.

Scope 3 emissions are all indirect greenhouse gas emissions that occur in a company's value chain, both upstream and downstream. Unlike Scope 1 (direct emissions from owned or controlled sources) and Scope 2 (indirect emissions from purchased electricity, steam, heating, and cooling), Scope 3 emissions are not under the direct control of the company. They include emissions from sources like purchased goods and services, business travel, employee commuting, use of sold products, and end-of-life treatment of sold products. Scope 3 often represents the largest portion of a company's carbon footprint, making it crucial for comprehensive climate action strategies, despite being the most challenging to measure and manage.